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How it was built: the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge in Japan, 1,991 metres between two towers and one of the world's longest suspension bridges

The Akashi Kaikyo Bridge crosses the Akashi Strait between Kobe and Awaji Island. It is 3,911 metres long over three spans of 960, 1,991 and 960 metres, with towers about 300 metres high, making it one of the world's longest suspension bridges. On-site construction ran from 1 May 1988 until it opened to traffic on 5 April 1998.

Aerial view of the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge across the Akashi Strait, Japan
Photo: Tysto via Wikimedia Commons, public domain
WHY IT MATTERS

Let me explain

The strait is about 4 km wide and up to about 110 metres deep, with about 1,400 ships passing every day. Huge foundations had to be built 60 metres under the sea in tidal currents of up to 4.5 metres per second, and the bridge was designed for winds of 80 metres per second and great earthquakes. In January 1995 a magnitude 7.2 earthquake struck after both towers were complete and changed the distance between them; engineers revised the length of the girder sections that had not yet been fabricated, and construction continued to completion after 10 years (Honshu-Shikoku Bridge Expressway, HSBE).